marshal 音标拼音: [m'ɑrʃəl]
n . 陆空军高级将官,典礼官,职行官,元帅
vt . 整顿,配置,汇集
vi . 排列,集合
陆空军高级将官,典礼官,职行官,元帅整顿,配置,汇集排列,集合
marshal 编组;调度;引导;安排;整理
marshal n 1 :
a law officer having duties similar to those of a sheriff in carrying out the judgments of a court of law [
synonym :
{
marshal }, {
marshall }]
2 : (
in some countries )
a military officer of highest rank [
synonym :
{
marshal }, {
marshall }]
v 1 :
place in proper rank ; "
marshal the troops "
2 :
arrange in logical order ; "
marshal facts or arguments "
3 :
make ready for action or use ; "
marshal resources " [
synonym :
{
mobilize }, {
mobilise }, {
marshal }, {
summon }]
4 :
lead ceremoniously ,
as in a procession Marshal \
Mar "
shal \,
n . [
OE .
mareschal ,
OF .
mareschal ,
F .
mar ['
e ]
chal ,
LL .
mariscalcus ,
from OHG .
marah -
scalc (
G .
marschall );
marah horse scalc servant (
akin to AS .
scealc ,
Goth .
skalks ).
F .
mar ['
e ]
chal signifies ,
a marshal ,
and a farrier .
See {
Mare }
horse ,
and cf . {
Seneschal }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
Originally ,
an officer who had the care of horses ;
a groom . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
An officer of high rank ,
charged with the arrangement of ceremonies ,
the conduct of operations ,
or the like ;
as ,
specifically :
(
a )
One who goes before a prince to declare his coming and provide entertainment ;
a harbinger ;
a pursuivant .
(
b )
One who regulates rank and order at a feast or any other assembly ,
directs the order of procession ,
and the like .
(
c )
The chief officer of arms ,
whose duty it was ,
in ancient times ,
to regulate combats in the lists .
--
Johnson .
(
d ) (
France )
The highest military officer .
In other countries of Europe a marshal is a military officer of high rank ,
and called {
field marshal }.
(
e ) (
Am .
Law )
A ministerial officer ,
appointed for each judicial district of the United States ,
to execute the process of the courts of the United States ,
and perform various duties ,
similar to those of a sheriff .
The name is also sometimes applied to certain police officers of a city .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Earl marshal of England },
the eighth officer of state ;
an honorary title ,
and personal ,
until made hereditary in the family of the Duke of Norfolk .
During a vacancy in the office of high constable ,
the earl marshal has jurisdiction in the court of chivalry . --
Brande &
C .
{
Earl marshal of Scotland },
an officer who had command of the cavalry under the constable .
This office was held by the family of Keith ,
but forfeited by rebellion in 1715 .
{
Knight marshal },
or {
Marshal of the King '
s house },
formerly ,
in England ,
the marshal of the king '
s house ,
who was authorized to hear and determine all pleas of the Crown ,
to punish faults committed within the verge ,
etc .
His court was called the Court of Marshalsea .
{
Marshal of the Queen '
s Bench },
formerly the title of the officer who had the custody of the Queen '
s bench prison in Southwark . --
Mozley &
W .
[
1913 Webster ]
Marshal \
Mar "
shal \,
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Marshaled }
or {
Marshalled };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Marshaling }
or {
Marshalling }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
To dispose in order ;
to arrange in a suitable manner ;
as ,
to marshal troops or an army .
[
1913 Webster ]
And marshaling the heroes of his name As ,
in their order ,
next to light they came .
--
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To direct ,
guide ,
or lead .
[
1913 Webster ]
Thou marshalest me the way that I was going . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Her .)
To dispose in due order ,
as the different quarterings on an escutcheon ,
or the different crests when several belong to an achievement .
[
1913 Webster ]
251 Moby Thesaurus words for "
marshal ":
ADC ,
Abbot of Unreason ,
CO ,
G -
man ,
Lord of Misrule ,
MC ,
MP ,
OD ,
accouple ,
accumulate ,
adduce ,
advance ,
agglutinate ,
aide ,
aide -
de -
camp ,
align ,
allege ,
allocate ,
allot ,
amass ,
apportion ,
arrange ,
array ,
articulate ,
assemble ,
associate ,
attend ,
bailiff ,
band ,
beadle ,
beagle ,
bond ,
bound bailiff ,
bracket ,
bridge ,
bridge over ,
brigadier ,
brigadier general ,
bring forward ,
bring on ,
bring to bear ,
captain ,
catchpole ,
cement ,
chain ,
chaperon ,
chicken colonel ,
chief of police ,
chief of staff ,
clap together ,
clear for action ,
clear the decks ,
collect ,
collocate ,
colonel ,
combine ,
commandant ,
commander ,
commander in chief ,
commanding officer ,
commissioned officer ,
commissioner ,
company officer ,
compose ,
comprise ,
concatenate ,
conduct ,
conglobulate ,
conjoin ,
conjugate ,
connect ,
constable ,
convoy ,
cool off ,
copulate ,
couple ,
cover ,
cure ,
deal ,
deal out ,
deploy ,
deputy ,
deputy sheriff ,
detective ,
dispose ,
distribute ,
dress ,
embrace ,
emcee ,
encompass ,
escort ,
esquire ,
exec ,
executive officer ,
fed ,
federal ,
field marshal ,
field officer ,
first lieutenant ,
five -
star general ,
fix ,
fix up ,
flic ,
form ,
four -
star general ,
gather ,
gendarme ,
general ,
general officer ,
generalissimo ,
get ready ,
glue ,
government man ,
grade ,
guard ,
guide ,
harmonize ,
hierarchize ,
include ,
inspector ,
jemadar ,
join ,
junior officer ,
knot ,
lay out ,
lay together ,
lead ,
league ,
lictor ,
lieutenant ,
lieutenant colonel ,
lieutenant general ,
line ,
line up ,
link ,
lump together ,
mace -
bearer ,
major ,
major general ,
make arrangements ,
make preparations ,
make ready ,
marechal ,
marry ,
mass ,
master of ceremonies ,
merge ,
methodize ,
mobilize ,
mounted policeman ,
muster ,
narc ,
normalize ,
offer ,
officer ,
one -
star general ,
order ,
orderly officer ,
organize ,
pacify ,
pair ,
parcel out ,
patrolman ,
peace officer ,
piece together ,
place ,
plan ,
plead ,
police captain ,
police commissioner ,
police constable ,
police inspector ,
police matron ,
police officer ,
police sergeant ,
policeman ,
policewoman ,
portreeve ,
prearrange ,
prep ,
prepare ,
present ,
pretreat ,
process ,
produce ,
provide ,
put in shape ,
put together ,
quiet ,
rally ,
range ,
rank ,
ready ,
ready up ,
reeve ,
regiment ,
regularize ,
regulate ,
risaldar ,
roll into one ,
roundsman ,
routinize ,
senior officer ,
sergeant ,
sergeant at arms ,
set out ,
set up ,
settle preliminaries ,
shavetail ,
shepherd ,
sheriff ,
sirdar ,
social director ,
solder ,
space ,
span ,
splice ,
squire ,
staff officer ,
standardize ,
stick together ,
structure ,
subahdar ,
subaltern ,
sublieutenant ,
superintendent ,
systematize ,
take in ,
take out ,
tan ,
tape ,
the Old Man ,
the brass ,
three -
star general ,
tie ,
tipstaff ,
tipstaves ,
toastmaster ,
top brass ,
tranquilize ,
treat ,
trim ,
trooper ,
try out ,
two -
star general ,
unify ,
unite ,
usher ,
wait on ,
weld ,
yoke MARSHAL .
An officer of the United States ,
whose duty it is to execute the process of the courts of the United States .
His duties are very similar to those of a sheriff .
2 .
It is enacted by the act to establish the judicial courts of the United States ,
1 Story '
s L .
U .
S .
53 ,
as follows :
Sec .
27 .
That a marshal shall be appointed ,
in and for each district ,
for the term of four years ,
but shall be removable from office at pleasure whose duty it shall be to attend the district and circuit courts ,
when sitting therein ,
and also the supreme court in the district in which that court shall sit :
and to execute throughout the district ,
all lawful precepts directed to him ,
and issued under the authority of the United States ,
and he shall have power to command all necessary assistance in the execution of his duty ,
and to appoint ,
as there shall be occasion ,
one or more deputies ,
who shall be removable from office by the judge of the district court ,
or the circuit court sitting within the district ,
at the pleasure of either .
And before he enters on the duties of his office ,
he shall become bound for the faithful performance of the same ,
by himself and by his deputies ,
before the judge of the district court ,
to the United States jointly and severally ,
with two good and sufficient sureties ,
inhabitants and freeholders of such district ,
to be approved by the district judge ,
in the sum of twenty thousand dollars ,
and shall take before said judge ,
as shall also his deputies ,
before they enter on the duties of their appointment ,
the following oath of office : "
I ,
A B ,
do solemnly swear or affirm ,
that I will faithfully execute all lawful precepts directed to the marshal of the district of________under the authority of the United States ,
and true returns make ;
and in all things well and truly ,
and without malice or partiality ,
perform the duties of the office of marshal (
or marshal '
s deputy ,
as the case may be )
of the district of _________ during my continuance in said office ,
and take only my lawful fees .
So help me God ."
3 .-
Sec .
28 .
That in all causes wherein the marshal ,
or his deputy ,
shall be a party ,
the writs and precepts therein shall be directed to such disinterested person ,
as the court ,
or any justice or judge thereof may appoint ,
and the person so appointed is hereby authorized to execute and return the same .
And in case of the death of any marshal ,
his deputy or deputies ,
shall continue in office unless otherwise specially removed ;
and shall execute the same in the name of the deceased ,
until another marshal shall be appointed and sworn :
And the defaults ,
or misfeasances in office of such deputy or deputies in the mean time ,
as well as before ,
shall be adjudged a breach of the condition of the bond given ,
as before directed ,
by the marshal who appointed them ;
and the executor or administrator of the deceased marshal ,
shall have like remedy for the defaults and misfeasances in office of such deputy or deputies during such interval ,
as they would be entitled to if the marshal had continued in life ,
and in the exercise of his said office ,
until his successor was appointed ,
and sworn or affirmed :
And every marshal ,
or his deputy ,
when removed from office ,
or when the term for which the marshal is appointed shall expire ,
shall have power ,
notwithstanding ,
to execute all such precepts as may be in their hands ,
respectively ,
at the time of such removal or expiration of office ;
and the marshal shall be held answerable for the delivery to his successors of all prisoners which may be in his custody at the time of his removal ,
or when the term for which he is appointed shall expire ,
and for that purpose may retain such prisoners in his custody ,
until his successor shall be appointed ,
and qualified as the law directs .
4 .
By the act making certain alterations in the act for establishing the judicial courts , &
c .
passed June 9 ,
1794 ,
1 Story '
s L .
U .
S .
865 ,
it is enacted ,
Sec .
7 .
That so much of the act to establish the judicial courts of the United States ,
as is ,
or may be ,
construed to require the attendance of the marshals of all the districts at the supreme court ,
shall be ,
and the same is hereby repealed :
And that the said court shall be attended ,
during its session ,
by the marshal of the district only ,
in which the court shall sit ,
unless the attendance of the marshals of other districts shall be required by special order of the said court .
5 .
The act of February 28 ,
1795 ,
1 Story '
s L .
U .
S .
391 ,
directs ,
Sec .
9 .
That the marshals of the several districts ,
and their deputies ,
shall have the same powers ,
in executing the laws of the United States ,
as sheriffs and their deputies ,
in the several states ,
have by law in executing the laws of the respective states .
6 .
There are various other legislative provisions in relation to the duties and rights of marshals ,
which are here briefly noticed with reference to the laws themselves .
7 .-
1 .
The act of May 8 ,
1792 ,
s .
4 ,
provides for the payment of expenses incurred by the marshal in holding the courts of the United States ,
the payment of jurors ,
witnesses , &
c .
8 .-
2 .
The act of April 16 ,
1817 ,
prescribes the duties of the marshal in relation to the proceeds of prizes captured by the public armed ships of the United States and sold by decree of court .
9 .-
3 .
The resolution of congress of March 3 ,
1791 ;
the act of February 25 ,
1799 ,
s .
5 ;
and the resolution of March 3 ,
1821 ;
all relate to the duties of marshals in procuring prisons ,
and detaining and keeping prisoners .
10 .-
4 .
The act of April 10 ,
1806 ,
directs how and for what ,
marshals shall give bonds for the faithful execution of their office .
11 .-
5 .
The act of September 18 ,
1850 ,
s .
5 ,
prescribes the duties of the marshal in relation to obeying and executing all warrants and precepts issued under the provisions of this act ,
and the penalties he shall incur for refusing to receive and execute the said warrants when rendered ,
and for permitting the fugitive to escape after arrest ,
Vide Story '
s L .
U .
S .
Index ,
h .
t .;
Serg .
Const .
Law ,
ch .
25 ;
2 Dall .
402 ;
United States v .
Burr ,
365 ;
Mason '
s R .
100 ;
2 Gall .
101 ;
4 Cranch ,
96 ;
7 Cranch ,
276 ;
9 Cranch ,
86 ,
212 ;
6 Wheat .
194 ;
9 Wheat .
645 ;
Minot ,
Stat .
U .
S .
Index ,
h .
t .
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