ponder 音标拼音: [p'ɑndɚ]
v . 沉思,默想,细想;衡量,估量
沈思,默想,细想;衡量,估量
ponder v 1 :
reflect deeply on a subject ; "
I mulled over the events of the afternoon "; "
philosophers have speculated on the question of God for thousands of years "; "
The scientist must stop to observe and start to excogitate " [
synonym : {
chew over }, {
think over }, {
meditate }, {
ponder }, {
excogitate },
{
contemplate }, {
muse }, {
reflect }, {
mull }, {
mull over },
{
ruminate }, {
speculate }]
Ponder \
Pon "
der \,
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Pondered };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Pondering }.] [
L .
ponderare ,
fr .
pondus ,
ponderis ,
a weight ,
fr .
pendere to weigh :
cf .
F .
pond ['
e ]
rer .
See {
Pendant },
and cf . {
Pound }
a weight .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
To weigh . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To weigh in the mind ;
to view with deliberation ;
to examine carefully ;
to consider attentively .
[
1913 Webster ]
Ponder the path of thy feet . --
Prov .
iv .
26 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
To {
Ponder }, {
Consider }, {
Muse }.
Usage :
To consider means to view or contemplate with fixed thought .
To ponder is to dwell upon with long and anxious attention ,
with a view to some practical result or decision .
To muse is simply to think upon continuously with no definite object ,
or for the pleasure it gives .
We consider any subject which is fairly brought before us ;
we ponder a concern involving great interests ;
we muse on the events of childhood .
[
1913 Webster ]
Ponder \
Pon "
der \,
v .
i .
To think ;
to deliberate ;
to muse ; --
usually followed by on or over . --
Longfellow .
[
1913 Webster ]
71 Moby Thesaurus words for "
ponder ":
appraise ,
back down ,
balance ,
be abstracted ,
brood ,
brood over ,
chaw ,
chew over ,
chew the cud ,
cogitate ,
con over ,
consider ,
contemplate ,
debate ,
deliberate ,
deliberate over ,
deliberate upon ,
demur ,
digest ,
dwell ,
evaluate ,
excogitate ,
falter ,
fear ,
hang back ,
hem and haw ,
hesitate ,
hover ,
hum and haw ,
introspect ,
jib ,
meditate ,
meditate upon ,
mind ,
mull over ,
muse ,
muse on ,
muse over ,
pause ,
perpend ,
play around with ,
play with ,
ponder over ,
pull back ,
reason ,
reflect ,
reflect over ,
retreat ,
revolve ,
roll ,
ruminate ,
ruminate over ,
run over ,
scruple ,
shilly -
shally ,
shy ,
speculate ,
stick at ,
stickle ,
stop to consider ,
straddle the fence ,
strain at ,
study ,
think ,
think over ,
think twice about ,
toy with ,
turn over ,
weigh ,
withdraw ,
yield A {
non -
strict } {
polymorphic }, {
functional language }
by Jon
Fairbairn .
Ponder 's type system is unusual . It is more powerful than the
Hindley -Milner type } system used by {ML } and {Miranda } and
extended by {Haskell }. Ponder adds extra recursive 'mu ' types
to those of Girard 's {System F }, allowing more general
recursion }. Surprisingly , the type system and {type
inference } {algorithm } are still not completely understood .
Ponder and its Type System ", J . Fairbairn , TR 31 , Cambridge
U Computer Lab , Nov 1982 ].
J . Fairbairn , "Design and Implementation of a Simple Typed
Language based on the Lambda -Calculus ", Technical Report
No . 75 , Computer Laboratory , University of Cambridge , May
1985 ].
J . Fairbairn , "A New Type -Checker for a Functional Language ",
Technical Report No . 53 , Computer Laboratory , University of
Cambridge , 1984 ].
J . Fairbairn , "Some Types with Inclusion Properties in
forall , \rightarrow , \mu ", Technical Report No . 171 , Computer
Laboratory , University of Cambridge , Jun 1989 ].
Valeria C . V . de Paiva , "Subtyping in Ponder (Preliminary
Report )", Technical Report No . 203 , Computer Laboratory ,
University of Cambridge , Aug 1990 ].
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