prairie 音标拼音: [pr'ɛri]
n . 大草原,牧场
大草原,牧场
prairie n 1 :
a treeless grassy plain Gun \
Gun \ (
g [
u ^]
n ),
n . [
OE .
gonne ,
gunne ;
of uncertain origin ;
cf .
Ir .,
Gael ., &
LL .
gunna ,
W .
gum ;
possibly (
like cannon )
fr .
L .
canna reed ,
tube ;
or abbreviated fr .
OF .
mangonnel ,
E .
mangonel ,
a machine for hurling stones .]
1 .
A weapon which throws or propels a missile to a distance ;
any firearm or instrument for throwing projectiles ,
consisting of a tube or barrel closed at one end ,
in which the projectile is placed ,
with an explosive charge (
such as guncotton or gunpowder )
behind ,
which is ignited by various means .
Pistols ,
rifles ,
carbines ,
muskets ,
and fowling pieces are smaller guns ,
for hand use ,
and are called {
small arms }.
Larger guns are called {
cannon },
{
ordnance }, {
fieldpieces }, {
carronades }, {
howitzers },
etc .
See these terms in the Vocabulary .
[
1913 Webster ]
As swift as a pellet out of a gunne When fire is in the powder runne . --
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
The word gun was in use in England for an engine to cast a thing from a man long before there was any gunpowder found out . --
Selden .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Mil .)
A piece of heavy ordnance ;
in a restricted sense ,
a cannon .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
pl . (
Naut .)
Violent blasts of wind .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Guns are classified ,
according to their construction or manner of loading as {
rifled }
or {
smoothbore },
{
breech -
loading }
or {
muzzle -
loading }, {
cast }
or {
built -
up guns };
or according to their use ,
as {
field },
{
mountain }, {
prairie }, {
seacoast },
and {
siege guns }.
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Armstrong gun },
a wrought iron breech -
loading cannon named after its English inventor ,
Sir William Armstrong .
{
Big gun }
or {
Great gun },
a piece of heavy ordnance ;
hence (
Fig .),
a person superior in any way ;
as ,
bring in the big guns to tackle the problem .
{
Gun barrel },
the barrel or tube of a gun .
{
Gun carriage },
the carriage on which a gun is mounted or moved .
{
Gun cotton } (
Chem .),
a general name for a series of explosive nitric ethers of cellulose ,
obtained by steeping cotton in nitric and sulphuric acids .
Although there are formed substances containing nitric acid radicals ,
yet the results exactly resemble ordinary cotton in appearance .
It burns without ash ,
with explosion if confined ,
but quietly and harmlessly if free and open ,
and in small quantity .
Specifically ,
the lower nitrates of cellulose which are insoluble in ether and alcohol in distinction from the highest (
pyroxylin )
which is soluble .
See {
Pyroxylin },
and cf . {
Xyloidin }.
The gun cottons are used for blasting and somewhat in gunnery :
for making celluloid when compounded with camphor ;
and the soluble variety (
pyroxylin )
for making collodion .
See {
Celluloid },
and {
Collodion }.
Gun cotton is frequenty but improperly called {
nitrocellulose }.
It is not a nitro compound ,
but an ester of nitric acid .
{
Gun deck }.
See under {
Deck }.
{
Gun fire },
the time at which the morning or the evening gun is fired .
{
Gun metal },
a bronze ,
ordinarily composed of nine parts of copper and one of tin ,
used for cannon ,
etc .
The name is also given to certain strong mixtures of cast iron .
{
Gun port } (
Naut .),
an opening in a ship through which a cannon '
s muzzle is run out for firing .
{
Gun tackle } (
Naut .),
the blocks and pulleys affixed to the side of a ship ,
by which a gun carriage is run to and from the gun port .
{
Gun tackle purchase } (
Naut .),
a tackle composed of two single blocks and a fall . --
Totten .
{
Krupp gun },
a wrought steel breech -
loading cannon ,
named after its German inventor ,
Herr Krupp .
{
Machine gun },
a breech -
loading gun or a group of such guns ,
mounted on a carriage or other holder ,
and having a reservoir containing cartridges which are loaded into the gun or guns and fired in rapid succession .
In earlier models ,
such as the {
Gatling gun },
the cartridges were loaded by machinery operated by turning a crank .
In modern versions the loading of cartidges is accomplished by levers operated by the recoil of the explosion driving the bullet ,
or by the pressure of gas within the barrel .
Several hundred shots can be fired in a minute by such weapons ,
with accurate aim .
The {
Gatling gun }, {
Gardner gun }, {
Hotchkiss gun },
and {
Nordenfelt gun },
named for their inventors ,
and the French {
mitrailleuse },
are machine guns .
{
To blow great guns } (
Naut .),
to blow a gale .
See {
Gun },
n .,
3 .
[
1913 Webster PJC ]
Prairie \
Prai "
rie \,
n . [
F .,
an extensive meadow ,
OF .
praerie ,
LL .
prataria ,
fr .
L .
pratum a meadow .]
1 .
An extensive tract of level or rolling land ,
destitute of trees ,
covered with coarse grass ,
and usually characterized by a deep ,
fertile soil .
They abound throughout the Mississippi valley ,
between the Alleghanies and the Rocky mountains .
[
1913 Webster ]
From the forests and the prairies ,
From the great lakes of the northland . --
Longfellow .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
A meadow or tract of grass ;
especially ,
a so called natural meadow .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Prairie chicken } (
Zool .),
any American grouse of the genus {
Tympanuchus },
especially {
Tympanuchus Americanus }
(
formerly {
Tympanuchus cupido }),
which inhabits the prairies of the central United States .
Applied also to the sharp -
tailed grouse .
{
Prairie clover } (
Bot .),
any plant of the leguminous genus {
Petalostemon },
having small rosy or white flowers in dense terminal heads or spikes .
Several species occur in the prairies of the United States .
{
Prairie dock } (
Bot .),
a coarse composite plant ({
Silphium terebinthaceum })
with large rough leaves and yellow flowers ,
found in the Western prairies .
{
Prairie dog } (
Zool .),
a small American rodent ({
Cynomys Ludovicianus })
allied to the marmots .
It inhabits the plains west of the Mississippi .
The prairie dogs burrow in the ground in large warrens ,
and have a sharp bark like that of a dog .
Called also {
prairie marmot }.
{
Prairie grouse }.
Same as {
Prairie chicken },
above .
{
Prairie hare } (
Zool .),
a large long -
eared Western hare ({
Lepus campestris }).
See {
Jack rabbit },
under 2d {
Jack }.
{
Prairie hawk }, {
Prairie falcon } (
Zool .),
a falcon of Western North America ({
Falco Mexicanus }).
The upper parts are brown .
The tail has transverse bands of white ;
the under parts ,
longitudinal streaks and spots of brown .
{
Prairie hen }. (
Zool .)
Same as {
Prairie chicken },
above .
{
Prairie itch } (
Med .),
an affection of the skin attended with intense itching ,
which is observed in the Northern and Western United States ; --
also called {
swamp itch },
{
winter itch }.
{
Prairie marmot }. (
Zool .)
Same as {
Prairie dog },
above .
{
Prairie mole } (
Zool .),
a large American mole ({
Scalops argentatus }),
native of the Western prairies .
{
Prairie pigeon }, {
Prairie plover },
or {
Prairie snipe }
(
Zool .),
the upland plover .
See {
Plover },
n .,
2 .
{
Prairie rattlesnake } (
Zool .),
the massasauga .
{
Prairie snake } (
Zool .),
a large harmless American snake ({
Masticophis flavigularis }).
It is pale yellow ,
tinged with brown above .
{
Prairie squirrel } (
Zool .),
any American ground squirrel of the genus {
Spermophilus },
inhabiting prairies ; --
called also {
gopher }.
{
Prairie turnip } (
Bot .),
the edible turnip -
shaped farinaceous root of a leguminous plant ({
Psoralea esculenta })
of the Upper Missouri region ;
also ,
the plant itself .
Called also {
pomme blanche },
and {
pomme de prairie }.
{
Prairie warbler } (
Zool .),
a bright -
colored American warbler ({
Dendroica discolor }).
The back is olive yellow ,
with a group of reddish spots in the middle ;
the under parts and the parts around the eyes are bright yellow ;
the sides of the throat and spots along the sides ,
black ;
three outer tail feathers partly white .
{
Prairie wolf }. (
Zool .)
See {
Coyote }.
[
1913 Webster ]
145 Moby Thesaurus words for "
prairie ":
Lebensraum ,
agricultural region ,
air space ,
alkali flat ,
alluvial plain ,
arable land ,
back country ,
basin ,
billiard table ,
black belt ,
bottomland ,
bowling green ,
bushveld ,
campo ,
champaign ,
champaign country ,
citrus belt ,
clear space ,
clearance ,
clearing ,
coastal plain ,
corn belt ,
cotton belt ,
countryside ,
dead flat ,
dead level ,
delta ,
desert ,
distant prospect ,
down ,
downs ,
dust bowl ,
earth ,
empty view ,
esplanade ,
farm belt ,
farm country ,
farmland ,
fell ,
flat ,
flat country ,
flatland ,
flats ,
floor ,
fruit belt ,
glade ,
grass ,
grass roots ,
grass veld ,
grassland ,
grazing ,
grazing region ,
ground ,
haugh ,
haughland ,
heath ,
highlands ,
homaloid ,
horizontal ,
horizontal axis ,
horizontal fault ,
horizontal line ,
horizontal parallax ,
horizontal plane ,
horizontal projection ,
lande ,
lea ,
ledge ,
level ,
level line ,
level plane ,
living space ,
llano ,
lowland ,
lowlands ,
lunar mare ,
mare ,
mead ,
meadow ,
meadow land ,
meadows and pastures ,
mean sea level ,
mesa ,
mesilla ,
moor ,
moorland ,
moors ,
open country ,
open space ,
outback ,
pampa ,
pampas ,
park ,
parterre ,
pasturage ,
pasture ,
pasture land ,
peneplain ,
plain ,
plains ,
plane ,
plateau ,
platform ,
playa ,
prairies ,
province ,
provinces ,
range ,
rural district ,
rustic region ,
salt flat ,
salt marsh ,
salt pan ,
savanna ,
sea level ,
sea of grass ,
sebkha ,
steppe ,
steppeland ,
steppes ,
swale ,
table ,
tableland ,
terrace ,
terrain ,
territory ,
the country ,
the soil ,
the sticks ,
tobacco belt ,
tree veld ,
tundra ,
upland ,
uplands ,
vega ,
veld ,
water level ,
weald ,
wheat belt ,
wide -
open spaces ,
wilderness ,
wold ,
woodland ,
woods and fields ,
yokeldom
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