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pinchbeck    
n. 金色铜,冒牌货
a. 金色铜制的,冒牌的

金色铜,冒牌货金色铜制的,冒牌的

pinchbeck
adj 1: serving as an imitation or substitute; "pinchbeck
heroism"
n 1: an alloy of copper and zinc that is used in cheap jewelry
to imitate gold

Pinchbeck \Pinch"beck\, n. [Said to be from the name of the
inventor; cf. It. prencisbecco.]
An alloy of copper and zinc, resembling gold; a yellow metal,
composed of about three ounces of zinc to a pound of copper.
It is much used as an imitation of gold in the manufacture of
cheap jewelry.
[1913 Webster]


Pinchbeck \Pinch"beck\, a.
Made of pinchbeck; sham; cheap; spurious; unreal. "A
pinchbeck throne." --J. A. Symonds.
[1913 Webster]

95 Moby Thesaurus words for "pinchbeck":
affected, apocryphal, artificial, assumed, bastard, bogus, bravery,
brummagem, cheat, chiffon, clinquant, colorable, colored,
counterfeit, counterfeited, distorted, dressed up, dummy,
embellished, embroidered, ersatz, factitious, fake, faked,
fakement, false, falsified, feigned, festoons, fictitious, fictive,
finery, folderol, foofaraw, forgery, frame-up, fraud, frilliness,
frilling, frills, frills and furbelows, frippery, froufrou, fuss,
gaiety, garbled, gaudery, gilding, gilt, gingerbread, hoax,
illegitimate, imitation, impostor, junk, junky, make-believe,
man-made, mock, paste, perverted, phony, pretended, pseudo, put-on,
put-up job, quasi, queer, rip-off, self-styled, sham, shoddy,
simulacrum, simulated, snide, so-called, soi-disant, spurious,
superfluity, supposititious, swindle, synthetic, tin, tinsel,
titivated, trappings, trickery, trumpery, twisted, unauthentic,
ungenuine, unnatural, unreal, warped, whited sepulcher


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  • Emerging treatments for itch in atopic dermatitis: A review
    Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a high prevalence that is increasing The most universal symptom in patients with atopic dermatitis is pruritus; it is often the most troublesome symptom New insights on the mechanism of itch in patients with eczema have been elucidated, involving cross-talk between neural and immune systems, which have advanced our treatments
  • Current Clinical Options for the Management of Itch in Atopic . . .
    A systematic review of second-generation antihistamines, such as fexofenadine, cetirizine, or loratadine, did not find any evidence that these agents are effective in improving atopic itch 60 In a trial including 795 children with AD, daily cetirizine was found to be effective in reducing the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, when
  • Real-world evidence on the benefits of optimal itch relief and skin . . .
    Background: In atopic dermatitis (AD), the real-world impact of achieving itch and skin lesion treatment targets compared to partial improvement remains unclear Objective: We assessed the relationship between itch relief (reduction in Worst Itch Numeric Rating Scale [WI-NRS]) and skin clearance (Investigator Global Assessment [IGA] 0 1) with other patient-reported outcomes
  • The Complex Science Behind Itch in Atopic Dermatitis
    14 Legat FJ Itch in Atopic Dermatitis – What Is New? Front Med (Lausanne) 2021;8:644760 15 Misery L, Belloni Fortina A, El Hachem M, et al A position paper on the management of itch and pain in atopic dermatitis from the International Society of Atopic Dermatitis (ISAD) Oriented Patient-Education Network in Dermatology (OPENED) task force
  • Atopic Dermatitis Itch: Scratching for an Explanation
    Chronic itch is a defining symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD) and leads to significant morbidity The pathophysiology of pruritus in AD involves various mediators and complex neuroimmune interactions Other factors such as disruption of the skin barrier, sweat, and the skin microbiome may also exacerbate itch in these patients
  • Atopic Dermatitis Itch: Scratching for an Explanation
    exciting future research directions to better understand atopic pruritus in darker skin types Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis, Itch, Pruritus Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2024) 144, 978e988; doi:10 1016 j jid 2023 10 048 INTRODUCTION Chronic itch is a defining symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD) and leads to significant morbidity
  • Atopic dermatitis: a brief review of recent advances in its management
    Abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and intense itching The disorder affects people of all ages and ethnicities, has a substantial psychosocial impact on patients and relatives, and is the leading cause of the global burden of skin diseases
  • Itch in atopic dermatitis: from pathogenesis to treatment
    For allergists, itch is the most important symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD), and at the same time, the most difficult-to-manage complaint of atopic patient
  • Atopic Dermatitis Guidelines Update - Dermatology Advisor
    An updated evidence- and consensus-based living guideline on atopic eczema (AE) has been published in the Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology The latest edition of the European Guideline (EuroGuiDerm) on AE is the second update to the original 2022 guideline and provides new guidance on systemic therapies for patients with AE
  • Focused update: Guidelines of care for the management of atopic . . .
    In 2023 and early 2024, the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) published guidelines on the management of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults with topical and systemic therapies 1, 2 Recently published evidence and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of novel topical small molecule and biologic therapies necessitated an update of the previous guidance





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