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established    音标拼音: [ɪst'æblɪʃt] [ist'æblɪʃt]
a. 建立的,制定的;确立的,确认的,既定的

建立的,制定的;确立的,确认的,既定的

established
adj 1: brought about or set up or accepted; especially long
established; "the established social order"; "distrust
the constituted authority"; "a team established as a
member of a major league"; "enjoyed his prestige as an
established writer"; "an established precedent"; "the
established Church" [synonym: {established}, {constituted}]
[ant: {unestablished}]
2: settled securely and unconditionally; "that smoking causes
health problems is an accomplished fact" [synonym:
{accomplished}, {effected}, {established}]
3: conforming with accepted standards; "a conventional view of
the world" [synonym: {conventional}, {established}]
4: shown to be valid beyond a reasonable doubt; "the established
facts in the case"
5: introduced from another region and persisting without
cultivation [synonym: {established}, {naturalized}]

Establish \Es*tab"lish\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Established}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Establishing}.] [OE. establissen, OF. establir,
F. ['e]tablir, fr. L. stabilire, fr. stabilis firm, steady,
stable. See {Stable}, a., {-ish}, and cf. {Stablish}.]
1. To make stable or firm; to fix immovably or firmly; to set
(a thing) in a place and make it stable there; to settle;
to confirm.
[1913 Webster]

So were the churches established in the faith.
--Acts xvi. 5.
[1913 Webster]

The best established tempers can scarcely forbear
being borne down. --Burke.
[1913 Webster]

Confidence which must precede union could be
established only by consummate prudence and
self-control. --Bancroft.
[1913 Webster]

2. To appoint or constitute for permanence, as officers,
laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain.
[1913 Webster]

By the consent of all, we were established
The people's magistrates. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the
writing, that it be not changed. --Dan. vi. 8.
[1913 Webster]

3. To originate and secure the permanent existence of; to
found; to institute; to create and regulate; -- said of a
colony, a state, or other institutions.
[1913 Webster]

He hath established it [the earth], he created it
not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited. --Is.
xlv. 18.
[1913 Webster]

Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and
establisheth a city by iniquity! --Hab. ii. 12.
[1913 Webster]

4. To secure public recognition in favor of; to prove and
cause to be accepted as true; as, to establish a fact,
usage, principle, opinion, doctrine, etc.
[1913 Webster]

At the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of
three witnesses, shall the matter be established.
--Deut. xix.
15.
[1913 Webster]

5. To set up in business; to place advantageously in a fixed
condition; -- used reflexively; as, he established himself
in a place; the enemy established themselves in the
citadel.
[1913 Webster]


established \established\ adj.
1. brought about or set up or accepted; especially long and
widely accepted; as, distrust of established authority; a
team established as a member of a major league; enjoyed
his prestige as an established writer; an established
precedent; the established Church. Contrasted with
{unestablished}. [Narrower terms: {entrenched};
{implanted, planted, rooted}; {official}; {recognized}]
[WordNet 1.5]

2. securely established; as, an established reputation.

Syn: firm.
[WordNet 1.5]

3. settled securely and unconditionally.

Syn: accomplished, effected.
[WordNet 1.5]

4. conforming with accepted standards.
[WordNet 1.5]

5. shown to be valid beyond a reasonable doubt; as, the
established facts in the case.

Syn: proved.
[WordNet 1.5 PJC]

6. (Bot.) introduced from another region and persisting
without cultivation; -- of plants.

Syn: naturalized.
[WordNet 1.5 PJC]

168 Moby Thesaurus words for "established":
accepted, acknowledged, actual, admitted, ascertained, assigned,
assured, attested, authenticated, borne out, categorically true,
certain, certified, chronic, circumstantiated, confirmed,
conformable, consuetudinary, conventional, corroborated, current,
customary, decided, deep-dyed, deep-engraven, deep-fixed,
deep-grounded, deep-laid, deep-rooted, deep-seated, deep-set,
deep-settled, demonstrated, deployed, determinate, determined,
documentary, dyed-in-the-wool, effectual, embedded, embosomed,
embossed, emplaced, engrafted, engraved, ensconced, entrenched,
etched, everyday, factual, familiar, fast, firmly established,
fixed, folk, generally accepted, graven, guaranteed, hallowed,
handed down, heroic, historical, hoary, immemorial, implanted,
impressed, imprinted, in the bag, incorrigible, inculcated,
indelibly impressed, infixed, ingrained, ingrown, installed,
instilled, inveterate, inwrought, irreversible, legendary, located,
long-established, long-standing, made sure, mythological,
nailed down, normal, not in error, objectively true, obtaining,
of long standing, of the folk, old-line, on a rock, on bedrock,
on ice, open-and-shut, oral, ordinary, placed, planted, popular,
positioned, posted, prescribed, prescriptive, prevalent, proved,
proven, real, received, recognized, regular, regulation, rooted,
seated, secure, set, settled, settled in habit, shown, situate,
situated, spotted, stabilized, standard, stated, stationed, stock,
substantiated, sure-enough, tested, thorough, time-honored,
traditional, tried, tried and true, true, true as gospel,
true-blue, truthful, unconfuted, undenied, understood, undoubted,
unerroneous, unfallacious, unfalse, unmistaken, unquestionable,
unrefuted, unwritten, usual, validated, venerable, veracious,
verified, veritable, vested, warranted, well-established,
well-founded, well-grounded, well-set, well-settled, widespread,
wonted, worshipful


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