exception 音标拼音: [ɪks'ɛpʃən]
n . 例外,除外;
U 反对,异议
例外,除外;
U 反对,异议
exception 例外
EXPT exception 异常 例外
exception n 1 :
a deliberate act of omission ; "
with the exception of the children ,
everyone was told the news " [
synonym : {
exception },
{
exclusion }, {
elision }]
2 :
an instance that does not conform to a rule or generalization ; "
all her children were brilliant ;
the only exception was her last child "; "
an exception tests the rule "
3 :
grounds for adverse criticism ; "
his authority is beyond exception "
Exception \
Ex *
cep "
tion \ ([
e ^]
k *
s [
e ^]
p "
sh [
u ^]
n ),
n . [
L .
exceptio :
cf .
F .
exception .]
1 .
The act of excepting or excluding ;
exclusion ;
restriction by taking out something which would otherwise be included ,
as in a class ,
statement ,
rule .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
That which is excepted or taken out from others ;
a person ,
thing ,
or case ,
specified as distinct ,
or not included ;
as ,
almost every general rule has its exceptions .
[
1913 Webster ]
Such rare exceptions ,
shining in the dark ,
Prove ,
rather than impeach ,
the just remark .
--
Cowper .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Often with to .
[
1913 Webster ]
That proud exception to all nature '
s laws .
--
Pope .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Law )
An objection ,
oral or written ,
taken ,
in the course of an action ,
as to bail or security ;
or as to the decision of a judge ,
in the course of a trail ,
or in his charge to a jury ;
or as to lapse of time ,
or scandal ,
impertinence ,
or insufficiency in a pleading ;
also ,
as in conveyancing ,
a clause by which the grantor excepts something before granted . --
Burrill .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
An objection ;
cavil ;
dissent ;
disapprobation ;
offense ;
cause of offense ; --
usually followed by to or against .
[
1913 Webster ]
I will never answer what exceptions they can have against our account [
relation ]. --
Bentley .
[
1913 Webster ]
He . . .
took exception to the place of their burial . --
Bacon .
[
1913 Webster ]
She takes exceptions at your person . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Bill of exceptions } (
Law ),
a statement of exceptions to the decision ,
or instructions of a judge in the trial of a cause ,
made for the purpose of putting the points decided on record so as to bring them before a superior court or the full bench for review .
[
1913 Webster ]
222 Moby Thesaurus words for "
exception ":
abjuration ,
abjurement ,
abnormality ,
adverse criticism ,
allowance ,
amazement ,
animadversion ,
anomaly ,
answer ,
argument ,
aspersion ,
astonishing thing ,
astonishment ,
bad notices ,
bad press ,
ban ,
bar ,
barring ,
beef ,
bitch ,
blockade ,
blockage ,
boycott ,
call into question ,
captiousness ,
carping ,
cavil ,
caviling ,
censoriousness ,
cession ,
challenge ,
charter ,
chucking ,
chucking out ,
circumscription ,
complaint ,
compunction ,
concession ,
condition ,
contempt ,
contradiction ,
conversation piece ,
counterstatement ,
criticism ,
curio ,
curiosity ,
debarment ,
debarring ,
declination ,
declining ,
defense ,
demarcation ,
demonstration ,
demur ,
demurrer ,
denial ,
departure ,
despisal ,
despising ,
diplomatic immunity ,
disagree with ,
disapproval ,
discard ,
discharge ,
disclamation ,
discounting ,
dismissal ,
disownment ,
disregard ,
embargo ,
exclusion ,
exemption ,
expostulation ,
extenuating circumstances ,
faultfinding ,
flak ,
franchise ,
freak ,
gazingstock ,
grain of salt ,
grant ,
grievance ,
grievance committee ,
hairsplitting ,
hedge ,
hedging ,
hit ,
home thrust ,
hostile criticism ,
howl ,
hypercriticalness ,
hypercriticism ,
ignoring ,
immunity ,
improbability ,
imputation ,
inadmissibility ,
indignation meeting ,
injunction ,
irregularity ,
kick ,
knock ,
legislative immunity ,
liberty ,
license ,
limitation ,
lockout ,
march ,
marvel ,
marvelment ,
mental reservation ,
miracle ,
modification ,
museum piece ,
nagging ,
narrowing ,
niggle ,
niggling ,
nit ,
nit -
picking ,
nonacceptance ,
nonadmission ,
nonapproval ,
nonconsideration ,
nonesuch ,
nonviolent protest ,
object to ,
objection ,
obloquy ,
oddity ,
omission ,
oppose ,
overcriticalness ,
passing by ,
patent ,
peculiarity ,
permission ,
pestering ,
pettifogging ,
phenomenon ,
picketing ,
plea ,
pleading ,
preclusion ,
priggishness ,
privilege ,
prodigiosity ,
prodigy ,
prohibition ,
protest ,
protest demonstration ,
protestation ,
provision ,
proviso ,
putting away ,
putting out ,
qualification ,
qualm ,
quibble ,
quibbling ,
quirk ,
quite a thing ,
rally ,
rap ,
rarity ,
rebuff ,
rebuttal ,
recantation ,
reflection ,
refusal ,
refutation ,
rejection ,
release ,
relegation ,
remonstrance ,
remonstration ,
renouncement ,
reply ,
reproachfulness ,
repudiation ,
repulse ,
reservation ,
response ,
restriction ,
riposte ,
salvo ,
scouting ,
scruple ,
sensation ,
sight ,
sit -
in ,
slam ,
something else ,
special case ,
special demurrer ,
special pleading ,
special treatment ,
specialness ,
specification ,
spectacle ,
spurning ,
squawk ,
statement of defense ,
stipulation ,
strange thing ,
stricture ,
strike ,
string ,
stunner ,
swipe ,
taboo ,
take exception to ,
taking exception ,
teach -
in ,
term ,
throwing out ,
trichoschistism ,
turning out ,
waiver ,
wonder ,
wonderful thing ,
wonderment An error condition that changes the normal {
flow of control }
in a program .
An exception may be generated ("
raised ")
by
{
hardware }
or {
software }.
Hardware exceptions include
{
reset }, {
interrupt }
or a signal from a {
memory management
unit }.
Exceptions may be generated by the {
arithmetic logic
unit }
or {
floating -
point unit }
for numerical errors such as
divide by zero , {
overflow }
or {
underflow }
or {
instruction
decoding }
errors such as privileged ,
reserved , {
trap }
or
undefined instructions .
Software exceptions are even more
varied and the term could be applied to any kind of error
checking which alters the normal behaviour of the program .
(
1994 -
10 -
31 )
EXCEPTION ,
Eng .
Eq .
practice .
Re -
interrogation .
2 Benth .
Ev .
208 ,
n .
EXCEPTION ,
legislation ,
construction .
Exceptions are rules which limit the extent of other more general rules ,
and render that just and proper ,
which would be ,
on account of its generality ,
unjust and improper .
For example ,
it is a general rule that parties competent may make contracts ;
the rule that they shall not make any contrary to equity ,
or contra bonos mores ,
is the exception .
EXCEPTION ,
contracts .
An exception is a clause in a deed ,.
by which the lessor excepts something out of that which he granted before by the deed .
2 .
To make a valid exception ,
these things must concur :
1 .
The exception must be by apt words ;
as ,
saving and excepting , &
c .
2 .
It must be of part of the thing previously described ,
and not of some other thing .
3 .
It must be part of the thing only ,
and not of all ,
the greater part ,
or the effect of the thing granted ;
an exception ,
therefore ,
in a lease ,
which extends to the whole thing demised ,
is void .
4 .
It must be of such thing as is severable from the demised premises ,
and hot of an inseparable incident .
5 .
It must be of a thing as he that accepts may have ,
and which properly belongs to him .
6 .
It must be of a particular thing out of a general ,
and not of a particular thing out of a particular thing .
7 .
It must be particularly described and set forth ;
a lease of a tract of land ,
except one acre ,
would be void ,
because that acre was not particularly described .
Woodf .
Landl .
and Ten .
10 ;
Co .
Litt .
47 a ;
Touchs .
77 ;
1 Shepl .
R .
337 ;
Wright '
s R .
711 ;
3 John .
R .,
375 8 Conn .
R .
369 ;
6 Pick .
R .
499 ;
6 N .
H .
Rep .
421 .
Exceptions against common right and general rules are construed as strictly as possible .
1 Barton '
s Elem .
Conv .
68 .
3 .
An exception differs from a reservation ;
the former is always a part of the thing granted ;
the latter is of a thing not in esse but newly created or reserved .
An exception differs also from an explanation ,
which by the use of a videlicet ,
proviso , &
c .,
is allowed only to explain doubtful clauses precedent ,
or to separate and distribute generals ,
into particulars .
3 Pick .
R .
272 .
EXCEPTION ,
practice ,
pleading .
This term is used in the civil ,
nearly in the same sense that the word plea has in the common law .
Merl .
Repert .
h .
t .;
Ayl .
Parerg .
251 .
2 .
In chancery practice ,
it is the allegation of a party in writing ,
that some pleading or proceeding in a cause is insufficient .
1 Harr .
Ch .
Pr .
228 .
3 .
Exceptions are dilatory or peremptory .
Bract .
lib .
5 ,
tr .
5 ;
Britton ,
cap .
91 ,
92 ;
1 Lilly '
s Ab .
559 .
Dilatory exceptions are such as do not tend to defeat the action ,
but only to retard its progress .
Poth .
Proc .
civ .
partie 1 ,
c .
2 ,
s .
2 ,
art .
1 ;
Code of Pract .
of Lo .
art .
332 .
Declinatory exceptions have this effect ,
as well as the exception of discussion opposed by a third possessor ,
or by a surety in an hypothecary action ,
or the exception taken in order to call in the warrantor .
Id .;
7 N .
S .
282 ;
1 L .
R .
38 ,
420 .
These exceptions must ,
in general ,
be pleaded in limine litis before issue joined .
Civ .
Code of Lo .
2260 ;
1 N .
S .
703 ;
2 N .
S .
389 ;
4 L .
R .
104 ;
10 L .
R .
546 .
A declinatory exception is a species of dilatory exception ,
which merely declines the jurisdiction of the judge before whom the action is brought .
Code of Pr .
of L .
334 .
4 .
Peremptory exceptions are those which tend to the dismissal of the action .
Some relate to forms ,
others arise from the law .
Those which relate to forms ,
tend to have the cause dismissed ,
owing to some nullities in the proceedings .
These must be pleaded in limine litis .
Peremptory exceptions founded on law ,
are those which ,
without going into the merits of the cause ,
show that the plaintiff cannot maintain his action ,
either because it is prescribed ,
or because the cause of action has been destroyed or extinguished .
These may be pleaded at any time previous to definitive judgment .
Id .
art .
343 ,
346 ;
Poth .
Proc .
Civ .
partie 1 ,
c .
2 ,
s .
1 ,
2 ,
3 .
These ,
in the French law ,
are called Fins de .
non recevoir . (
q .
v .)
5 .
By exception is also meant the objection which is made to the decision of a judge in the course of a trial .
See Bill of Exception .
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