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  • The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction . . .
    Second, molecular-based phylogenies cover many taxa and environments, providing an appealing alternative to the fossil record’s shortcomings A simple model of the observed increase in the number of species S t in a phylogenetic clade over time, t, is S t = S 0 exp[(λ – μ) × t], where λ and μ are the speciation and extinction rates In
  • EARLY BURSTS OF BODY SIZE AND SHAPE EVOLUTION ARE RARE IN . . .
    George Gaylord Simpson famously postulated that much of life #39;s diversity originated as adaptive radiations—more or less simultaneous divergences of numerous lines from a single ancestral adaptive type However, identifying adaptive radiations has
  • Amniote - Wikipedia
    Most species described as microsaurs, formerly grouped in the extinct and prehistoric amphibian group lepospondyls, has been placed in the newer clade Recumbirostra, and shares many anatomical features with amniotes which indicates they were amniotes themselves
  • SAVING THE BOREAL TOAD - biologicaldiversity. org
    Once considered a common western garden amphibian, the large, warty boreal toad has recently experienced dramatic population declines, suffering across its U S range from threats like habitat destruction by livestock, pesticides and other pollutants, and predation by introduced species The toad's
  • The Contribution of Temperature and Continental Fragmentation . . .
    Funding information University of British Columbia, Grant Award Methods: Using a time‐calibrated phylogeny for 3,309 amphibian species and a Number: 151042; Agence Nationale de la genus‐level fossil record, we estimated the diversification rates of the group with Recherche, Grant Award Number: ANR‐10‐ LABX‐25‐01 birth–death models
  • Molecular Genetics Journal - Wiley Online Library
    Molecular Ecology is an international journal for research using molecular genetic techniques to address questions in ecology, evolution, behavior and conservation
  • 4. 4. 2: Phylogeny and Cladistics - Biology LibreTexts
    Speciation occurs by splits of one species into two, never more than two at a time, and at one point in time This is a simplification but is accepted by most biologists Traits change enough over time to be considered to be in a different state It is also assumed that one can identify the direction of change for an adaptation





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