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phrenology    
n. 骨相学

骨相学

phrenology
n 1: a now abandoned study of the shape of skull as indicative
of the strengths of different faculties

Phrenology \Phre*nol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. frh`n, freno`s, the mind
-logy: cf. F. phr['e]nologie.]
1. The science of the special functions of the several parts
of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the
various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the
brain.
[1913 Webster]

2. In popular usage, the obsolete physiological hypothesis of
Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character,
are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.
it is considered a pseudo-science by all reputable medical
personnel, but is still believed by some people.

Syn: craniognomy.
[1913 Webster PJC]

Note: Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of
twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant
interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole
scalp into oblong and conterminous patches. --Encyc.
Brit.
[1913 Webster]
[1913 Webster]


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  • Phrenology | History, Theory, Pseudoscience | Britannica
    Phrenology, the study of the conformation of the skull as indicative of mental faculties and traits of character, especially according to the hypotheses of Franz Joseph Gall and 19th-century adherents Johann Kaspar Spurzheim and George Combe Phrenology has since been discredited by scientific research
  • What Is Phrenology and Why Was It Discredited? - ScienceInsights
    Phrenology once claimed skull shape revealed personality and intelligence Here’s how it rose, spread harmful racist ideas, and was eventually disproven by science
  • Phrenology: What is it, and how did it contribute to neuroscience?
    This Curiosities of Medical History feature looks at phrenology, the pseudoscience that said that the shape of the skull held clues about a person’s mind
  • Phrenology: The Study of Skull Shape and Behavior - Simply Psychology
    Phrenology, or craniology, is a now-discredited system for analyzing a person’s strengths and weaknesses based on the size and shape of regions on the skull The Viennese physiologist Franz Joseph Gall invented phrenology in the late 18th century His student, Spurzheim, and Spurzheim’s student, Combe, would alter and popularize phrenology throughout Europe and the United States According
  • Phrenology - Encyclopedia. com
    PHRENOLOGY Phrenology, a science popular from the early to the mid-nineteenth century, was dedicated to the discernment of one's character or traits of personality from reading—that is, feeling the shape and size of—the bumps on one's skull
  • Phrenology | Thompson | Encyclopedia of the History of Science
    Figure 1: Set of sixty miniature heads used in phrenology, Manchester Science Museum, London Attribution 4 0 International (CC BY 4 0) Phrenology, the nineteenth-century practice of interpreting mental qualities and potential based on the external appearance of the skull, is a science with a complex and rich history and historiography In the present day, phrenology is often referred to as
  • Phrenology: from bumps on the head to the birth of neuroscience
    Phrenology: from bumps on the head to the birth of neuroscience This pseudoscience has a bizarre history, but its influence can be seen in our current understanding of the brain
  • The History of Phrenology
    The History of Phrenology





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