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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Incumbent \In*cum"bent\, a. [L. incumbens, -entis, p. pr. of
incumbere to lie down upon, press upon; pref. in- in, on
cumbere (in comp.); akin to cubare to lie down. See
{Incubate}.]
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1. Lying; resting; reclining; recumbent; superimposed;
superincumbent.
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Two incumbent figures, gracefully leaning upon it.
--Sir H.
Wotton.
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To move the incumbent load they try. --Addison.
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2. Lying, resting, or imposed, as a duty or obligation;
obligatory; always with on or upon.
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All men, truly zealous, will perform those good
works that are incumbent on all Christians. --Sprat.
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3. (Bot.) Leaning or resting; -- said of anthers when lying
on the inner side of the filament, or of cotyledons when
the radicle lies against the back of one of them. --Gray.
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4. (Zool.) Bent downwards so that the ends touch, or rest on,
something else; as, the incumbent toe of a bird.
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Incumbent \In*cum"bent\, n.
A person who is in present possession of a benefice or of any
office.
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The incumbent lieth at the mercy of his patron.
--Swift.
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