futhark
n . 古代北欧所使用文字的字母
古代北欧所使用文字的字母
futharc \
fu "
tharc \,
futhorc \
fu "
thorc \,
futhork \
fu "
thork \
n .
1 . [
From the sounds of the first five letters .]
The Runic alphabet ; --
so called from the first six letters f ,
u ,
[
thorn ] (
th ),
o (
or a ),
r ,
c (=
k ).
See {
rune }. [
Also spelled {
futhark }]
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
Note :
The spelling futharc represents most accurately the original values of these six Runic letters .
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
Note :
The name is derived from the sounds of the first five letters of the runic alphabet ,
f ,
u ,
th ,
o ,
r ,
and c .
The vowel sound of the fourth letter corresponded more closely to a in the earlier versions used in Scandinavian countries ,
and the earlier alphabet is therefore referred to as the futharc or futhark .
The fifth rune had a sound like that of k ,
and in the Danish futhark the fifth character is that transliterated as k .
Thus the runic alphabet is also called the futhork or futhark .
The third rune had a sound and form resembling that of the Anglo -
Saxon thorn ,
which represented the th sound at the beginning of the word thorn .
The origins of the runic alphabet are obscure ,
but the earliest forms may have been invented around the second century A .
D .
in eastern Europe .
The forms of some of the letters show a relation to the Latin or Greek alphabets ,
and the futhorc was presumably in part an adaptation of those alphabets to the sound of the Germanic tongues .
An inscription of the futhark itself ,
an ordered list of the runes ,
was found on an object dated as early as the fifth century A .
D .
The Scandinavian futharc had 16 runes ,
but the futhorc used in Anglo -
Saxon England had 31 .
The futhark was mostly used for writing on wood ,
for which reason the runes were comprised of only vertical and diagonal strokes .
The degree of widespread use of the futharc is not known but it was probably used mostly for short messages or inscriptions on objects .
Fewer than 10 ,
000 runic inscriptions ,
both on wood and stone ,
have been found .
The number and forms of some of the runes varied over time and locality .
--
R .
I .
Page , "
Runes ".
[
PJC ]
The letters are called Runes and the alphabet bears the name Futhorc from the first six letters . --
I .
Taylor .
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
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