Koran 音标拼音: [kɔr'ɑn]
n . 可兰经
可兰经
Koran n 1 :
the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina [
synonym : {
Koran },
{
Quran }, {
al -
Qur '
an }, {
Book }]
Koran \
Ko "
ran \ (
k [=
o ]"
ran or k [-
o ]*
r [
aum ]
n ";
277 ),
n . [
Ar .
qor [=
a ]
n ;
with the Ar .
article ,
Alkoran ,
Alcoran ; =
Turk .
Pers .
qur [^
a ]
n ,
from Ar .
quran ,
qoran ,
book ,
reading ,
from q [^
a ]
r [^
a ],
read .
See {
Alcoran }.]
The Scriptures of the Muslims ,
containing the professed revelations to Mohammed ; --
called also {
Alcoran }. [
Written also {
Kuran }
or {
Quran },
Also rarely {
Coran }
and {
Core }.]
Note :
The Koran is the sacred book of the Muslims (
sometimes called Mohammedans by non -
Muslims ,
a term considered offensive by some Muslims ).
It is the most important foundation on which Islam rests and it is held in the highest veneration by all Islamic sects .
When being read it must be kept on a stand elevated above the floor .
No one may read it or touch it without first making a legal ablution .
It is written in the Arabic language ,
and its style is considered a model .
The substance of the Koran is held to be uncreated and eternal .
Mohammed was merely the person to whom the work was revealed .
At first the Koran was not written ,
but entirely committed to memory .
But when a great many of the best Koran reciters had been killed in battle ,
Omar suggested to Abu -
Bekr (
the successor of Mohammed )
that it should be written down .
Abu -
Bekr accordingly commanded Zeid ,
an amanuensis of the prophet ,
to commit it to writing .
This was the authorized text until 23 years after the death of the prophet .
A number of variant readings had ,
however ,
crept into use .
By order of the calif Osman in the year 30 of the Hejira ,
Zeid and three assistants made a careful revision which was adopted as the standard ,
and all the other copies were ordered to be burned .
The Koran consists of 114 suras or divisions .
These are not numbered ,
but each one has a separate name .
They are not arranged in historical order .
These suras purport to be the addresses delivered by Mohammed during his career at Mecca and Medina .
As a general rule the shorter suras ,
which contain the theology of Islam ,
belong to the Meccan period ;
while the longer ones ,
relating to social duties and relationships ,
to Medina .
The Koran is largely drawn from Jewish and Christian sources ,
the former prevailing .
Moses and Jesus are reckoned among the prophets .
The biblical narratives are interwoven with rabbinical legends .
The customs of the Jews are made to conform to those of the Arabians .
Islamic theology consists in the study of the Koran and its commentaries .
A very fine collection of Korans ,
including one in Cufic (
the old Arabic character ),
is to be found in the Khedival Library at Cairo ,
Egypt .
[
Century Dict .
1906 ]
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