Jacob 音标拼音: [dʒ'ekəb]
n . 男人名,雅各
男人名,雅各
Jacob n 1 :
French biochemist who (
with Jacques Monod )
studied regulatory processes in cells (
born in 1920 ) [
synonym : {
Jacob },
{
Francois Jacob }]
2 : (
Old Testament )
son of Isaac ;
brother of Esau ;
father of the twelve patriarchs of Israel ;
Jacob wrestled with God and forced God to bless him ,
so God gave Jacob the new name of Israel (
meaning `
one who has been strong against God ')
Jacob \
Ja "
cob \,
n . [
Cf .
F .
Jacob .
See 2d {
Jack }.]
A Hebrew patriarch (
son of Isaac ,
and ancestor of the Jews ),
who in a vision saw a ladder reaching up to heaven (--
Gen .
xxviii .
12 ); --
also called {
Israel }.
[
1913 Webster ]
And Jacob said . . .
with my staff I passed over this Jordan ,
and now I am become two bands . --
Gen .
xxxii .
9 ,
10 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Thy name shall be called no more Jacob ,
but Israel .
--
Gen .
xxxii .
28 .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Jacob '
s ladder }.
(
a ) (
Bot .)
A perennial herb of the genus {
Polemonium }
({
Polemonium c [
oe ]
ruleum ),
having corymbs of drooping flowers ,
usually blue .
Gray }.
(
b ) (
Naut .)
A rope ladder ,
with wooden steps ,
for going aloft . --
R .
H .
Dana ,
Jr .
(
c ) (
Naut .)
A succession of short cracks in a defective spar .
{
Jacob '
s membrane }.
See {
Retina }.
{
Jacob '
s staff }.
(
a )
A name given to many forms of staff or weapon ,
especially in the Middle Ages ;
a pilgrim '
s staff . [
Obs .] --
Spenser .
(
b ) (
Surveying )
See under {
Staff }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Jacob one who follows on another '
s heels ;
supplanter , (
Gen .
25 :
26 ;
27 :
36 ;
Hos .
12 :
2 -
4 ),
the second born of the twin sons of Isaac by Rebekah .
He was born probably at Lahai -
roi ,
when his father was fifty -
nine and Abraham one hundred and fifty -
nine years old .
Like his father ,
he was of a quiet and gentle disposition ,
and when he grew up followed the life of a shepherd ,
while his brother Esau became an enterprising hunter .
His dealing with Esau ,
however ,
showed much mean selfishness and cunning (
Gen .
25 :
29 -
34 ).
When Isaac was about 160 years of age ,
Jacob and his mother conspired to deceive the aged patriarch (
Gen .
27 ),
with the view of procuring the transfer of the birthright to himself .
The birthright secured to him who possessed it (
1 )
superior rank in his family (
Gen .
49 :
3 ); (
2 )
a double portion of the paternal inheritance (
Deut .
21 :
17 ); (
3 )
the priestly office in the family (
Num .
8 :
17 -
19 );
and (
4 )
the promise of the Seed in which all nations of the earth were to be blessed (
Gen .
22 :
18 ).
Soon after his acquisition of his father '
s blessing (
Gen .
27 ),
Jacob became conscious of his guilt ;
and afraid of the anger of Esau ,
at the suggestion of Rebekah Isaac sent him away to Haran ,
400 miles or more ,
to find a wife among his cousins ,
the family of Laban ,
the Syrian (
28 ).
There he met with Rachel (
29 ).
Laban would not consent to give him his daughter in marriage till he had served seven years ;
but to Jacob these years "
seemed but a few days ,
for the love he had to her ."
But when the seven years were expired ,
Laban craftily deceived Jacob ,
and gave him his daughter Leah .
Other seven years of service had to be completed probably before he obtained the beloved Rachel .
But "
life -
long sorrow ,
disgrace ,
and trials ,
in the retributive providence of God ,
followed as a consequence of this double union ."
At the close of the fourteen years of service ,
Jacob desired to return to his parents ,
but at the entreaty of Laban he tarried yet six years with him ,
tending his flocks (
31 :
41 ).
He then set out with his family and property "
to go to Isaac his father in the land of Canaan " (
Gen .
31 ).
Laban was angry when he heard that Jacob had set out on his journey ,
and pursued after him ,
overtaking him in seven days .
The meeting was of a painful kind .
After much recrimination and reproach directed against Jacob ,
Laban is at length pacified ,
and taking an affectionate farewell of his daughters ,
returns to his home in Padanaram .
And now all connection of the Israelites with Mesopotamia is at an end .
Soon after parting with Laban he is met by a company of angels ,
as if to greet him on his return and welcome him back to the Land of Promise (
32 :
1 ,
2 ).
He called the name of the place Mahanaim ,
i .
e ., "
the double camp ,"
probably his own camp and that of the angels .
The vision of angels was the counterpart of that he had formerly seen at Bethel ,
when ,
twenty years before ,
the weary ,
solitary traveller ,
on his way to Padan -
aram ,
saw the angels of God ascending and descending on the ladder whose top reached to heaven (
28 :
12 ).
He now hears with dismay of the approach of his brother Esau with a band of 400 men to meet him .
In great agony of mind he prepares for the worst .
He feels that he must now depend only on God ,
and he betakes himself to him in earnest prayer ,
and sends on before him a munificent present to Esau , "
a present to my lord Esau from thy servant Jacob ."
Jacob '
s family were then transported across the Jabbok ;
but he himself remained behind ,
spending the night in communion with God .
While thus engaged ,
there appeared one in the form of a man who wrestled with him .
In this mysterious contest Jacob prevailed ,
and as a memorial of it his name was changed to Israel (
wrestler with God );
and the place where this occured he called Peniel , "
for ",
said he , "
I have seen God face to face ,
and my life is preserved "
(
32 :
25 -
31 ).
After this anxious night ,
Jacob went on his way ,
halting ,
mysteriously weakened by the conflict ,
but strong in the assurance of the divine favour .
Esau came forth and met him ;
but his spirit of revenge was appeased ,
and the brothers met as friends ,
and during the remainder of their lives they maintained friendly relations .
After a brief sojourn at Succoth ,
Jacob moved forward and pitched his tent near Shechem (
q .
v .),
33 :
18 ;
but at length ,
under divine directions ,
he moved to Bethel ,
where he made an altar unto God (
35 :
6 ,
7 ),
and where God appeared to him and renewed the Abrahamic covenant .
While journeying from Bethel to Ephrath (
the Canaanitish name of Bethlehem ),
Rachel died in giving birth to her second son Benjamin (
35 :
16 -
20 ),
fifteen or sixteen years after the birth of Joseph .
He then reached the old family residence at Mamre ,
to wait on the dying bed of his father Isaac .
The complete reconciliation between Esau and Jacob was shown by their uniting in the burial of the patriarch (
35 :
27 -
29 ).
Jacob was soon after this deeply grieved by the loss of his beloved son Joseph through the jealousy of his brothers (
37 :
33 ).
Then follows the story of the famine ,
and the successive goings down into Egypt to buy corn (
42 ),
which led to the discovery of the long -
lost Joseph ,
and the patriarch '
s going down with all his household ,
numbering about seventy souls (
Ex .
1 :
5 ;
Deut .
10 :
22 ;
Acts 7 :
14 ),
to sojourn in the land of Goshen .
Here Jacob ,
"
after being strangely tossed about on a very rough ocean ,
found at last a tranquil harbour ,
where all the best affections of his nature were gently exercised and largely unfolded " (
Gen .
48 ).
At length the end of his checkered course draws nigh ,
and he summons his sons to his bedside that he may bless them .
Among his last words he repeats the story of Rachel '
s death ,
although forty years had passed away since that event took place ,
as tenderly as if it had happened only yesterday ;
and when "
he had made an end of charging his sons ,
he gathered up his feet into the bed ,
and yielded up the ghost " (
49 :
33 ).
His body was embalmed and carried with great pomp into the land of Canaan ,
and buried beside his wife Leah in the cave of Machpelah ,
according to his dying charge .
There ,
probably ,
his embalmed body remains to this day (
50 :
1 -
13 ). (
See {
HEBRON }.)
The history of Jacob is referred to by the prophets Hosea (
12 :
3 ,
4 ,
12 )
and Malachi (
1 :
2 ).
In Micah 1 :
5 the name is a poetic synonym for Israel ,
the kingdom of the ten tribes .
There are ,
besides the mention of his name along with those of the other patriarchs ,
distinct references to events of his life in Paul '
s epistles (
Rom .
9 :
11 -
13 ;
Heb .
12 :
16 ;
11 :
21 ).
See references to his vision at Bethel and his possession of land at Shechem in John 1 :
51 ;
4 :
5 ,
12 ;
also to the famine which was the occasion of his going down into Egypt in Acts 7 :
12 (
See LUZ �
T0002335 ; {
BETHEL }.)
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